The genitive case is used in the forms of the nouns after the negated verb, after the proverbs expressing quantity, such as many, few, a little etc. The genitive marks also possesions and is often used after the prepositons: do (to), od (from), z (from) dla (for), bez (without), obok (next to), naprzeciw (opposite), u (at somebody's place). 

Genitive singular - NOUNS

GENDER	ENDINGS	nominative singular	GENITIVE PLURAL
masculine "animate beings"	-a	brat [brother]	brata
masculine "inanimte beings"	-a, -u	komputer [computer], zeszyt [notebook]	komputera, zeszytu
feminine	-y, -i	szkoła [school], książka [book]	szkoły, książki
neuter	-a -um	miasto [city] muzeum [museum]	miasta muzeum

The masculine nouns describing animate beings, e.g. cat, student, angel, take in genitive singular the ending –a

The masculine nouns describing things and objects take either the ending –a or the ending –u (there are many rules for distribution of one or another ending with many exceptions)

The feminine nouns with the final hard consonants of the stem: -b, -p, -d, -t, -f, -w, -ch, -ł, -m, -n, -r, -s, -z; and with the final functionally soft consonants of the stem: -dz , - dż , -c, -cz, -rz, -ż, -sz; take in genitive singular the ending –y

The feminine nouns with the final hard consonants -k, -g of the stem and with the final soft consonants of the stem:-dzi/-dź, -ci/-ć, , -j, -l, -ni/-ń, -si/-ś, -zi/-ź take in genitive singular the ending - i

The neuter nouns take in genitive singular the ending –a, except for the neuter nouns of Latin origin with the ending –um, which keep the same ending in all cases of singular.

Genitive singular - adjectives

GENDER	ENDINGS	nominative singular	GENITIVE SINGULAR
masculine neuter	-ego	mały [small], słodki [sweet] małe, słodkie	małego, słodkiego
feminine	-ej	mała, słodka	małej, słodkiej

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